Some people claim that caffeine, chocolate, and alcohol make their symptoms worse and either avoid or limit them in their diet. Limiting dietary salt and taking diuretics (water pills) help some people control dizziness by reducing the amount of fluid the body retains, which may help lower fluid volume and pressure in the inner ear. Prescription drugs such as meclizine, diazepam, glycopyrrolate, and lorazepam can help relieve dizziness and shorten the attack. The most disabling symptom of an attack of Ménière’s disease is dizziness. Ménière’s disease does not have a cure yet, but your doctor might recommend some of the treatments below to help you cope with the condition. To rule out other diseases, a doctor also might request magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans of the brain. Some doctors will perform a hearing test to establish the extent of hearing loss caused by Ménière’s disease. Two or more episodes of vertigo lasting at least 20 minutes each.Diagnosis is based upon your medical history and the presence of: However, there is no definitive test or single symptom that a doctor can use to make the diagnosis. Ménière’s disease is most often diagnosed and treated by an otolaryngologist (commonly called an ear, nose, and throat doctor, or ENT). How does a doctor diagnose Ménière’s disease? Because Ménière’s disease appears to run in families, it could also be the result of genetic variations that cause abnormalities in the volume or regulation of endolymph fluid. Others think Ménière’s disease could be a consequence of viral infections, allergies, or autoimmune reactions. Some researchers think that Ménière’s disease is the result of constrictions in blood vessels similar to those that cause migraine headaches. Many theories exist about what happens to cause Ménière’s disease, but no definite answers are available. This abnormality causes vertigo and other symptoms of Ménière’s disease. In Ménière’s disease, the endolymph buildup in the labyrinth interferes with the normal balance and hearing signals between the inner ear and the brain. In the cochlea, fluid is compressed in response to sound vibrations, which stimulates sensory cells that send signals to the brain. The receptors then send signals to the brain about the body’s position and movement. The membranous labyrinth is filled with a fluid called endolymph that, in the balance organs, stimulates receptors as the body moves. It has two sections: the bony labyrinth and the membranous labyrinth. The labyrinth contains the organs of balance (the semicircular canals and otolithic organs) and of hearing (the cochlea). The symptoms of Ménière’s disease are caused by the buildup of fluid in the compartments of the inner ear, called the labyrinth.
Inside their walls (bony labyrinth) are thin, pliable tubes and sacs (membranous labyrinth) filled with endolymph. The labyrinth is composed of the semicircular canals, the otolithic organs (i.e., utricle and saccule), and the cochlea. What causes the symptoms of Ménière’s disease? The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) estimates that approximately 615,000 individuals in the United States are currently diagnosed with Ménière’s disease and that 45,500 cases are newly diagnosed each year. Ménière’s disease can develop at any age, but it is more likely to happen to adults between 40 and 60 years of age. These episodes are called “drop attacks.” Some people with Ménière’s disease have vertigo so extreme that they lose their balance and fall. Others may experience many attacks closer together over a number of days. Some people will have single attacks of dizziness separated by long periods of time. Ménière’s disease usually affects only one ear.Īttacks of dizziness may come on suddenly or after a short period of tinnitus or muffled hearing. Ménière’s disease is a disorder of the inner ear that causes severe dizziness (vertigo), ringing in the ears (tinnitus), hearing loss, and a feeling of fullness or congestion in the ear. Congressional Testimony and the NIDCD Budget.Research Training in NIDCD Laboratories (Intramural).Types of Research Training Funding Opportunities.About NIDCD's Research Training Program.Scientific Workshop and Meeting Reports.
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